J-38500-1200
J-38500-1200
J-38500-1200
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在一般的PLC控制系統(tǒng)中,模擬量由于受到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境等的影響造成采集上來(lái)的信號(hào)不能充分反映現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的真實(shí)情況,信號(hào)進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)運(yùn)算后容易造成運(yùn)算超差,更有可能引起系統(tǒng)控制錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致各種事故。由此可見(jiàn)模擬量控制的成功與否在很大程度上決定可控制系統(tǒng)的好壞。一般濾波控制只是簡(jiǎn)單的把幾個(gè)采樣值進(jìn)行平均處理,有時(shí)造成的偏差較大,而且調(diào)試起來(lái)很不靈活,本文針對(duì)軋鋼現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的實(shí)際情況,介紹一套用于軋線PLC控制的模擬量信號(hào)采樣、濾波的方法。實(shí)現(xiàn)了自由靈活的信號(hào)處理。
2軋線PLC控制系統(tǒng)的組成
在我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)調(diào)試的線材生產(chǎn)線中,一般采用SiemensS7-400PLC作為主控制器,粗、中軋機(jī),預(yù)精軋機(jī),吐絲機(jī),夾送棍傳動(dòng)采用SiemeNS直流調(diào)速裝置6RA70,精軋機(jī)采用交流變頻裝置。主軋線設(shè)兩個(gè)HMI,HMI與PLC通過(guò)以太網(wǎng)通訊,PLC與各傳動(dòng)采用Profibus-DP網(wǎng)通訊,總體功能圖如下:
(1)軋線張力控制的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法:
棒線材軋線張力控制一般采用間接張力控制方法,即利用軋機(jī)負(fù)荷反饋計(jì)算軋機(jī)的張力。本文控制方法為利用PLC與傳動(dòng)裝置之間的Profibus-DP。
(2)PLC內(nèi)部的信號(hào)濾波算法:
信號(hào)濾波在功能上分為輸入信號(hào)的采樣、儲(chǔ)存,數(shù)據(jù)分析處理、濾波,信號(hào)輸出等環(huán)節(jié):
1)采樣、存儲(chǔ)環(huán)節(jié):PLC系統(tǒng)接受模擬量信號(hào)后,首先進(jìn)行可控周期、可控?cái)?shù)量的采樣,采樣采取FIFO算法,保證數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)性。保證在任何時(shí)間段內(nèi)采集存儲(chǔ)的的數(shù)據(jù)都是最新、最近的。
2)數(shù)據(jù)處理排序環(huán)節(jié):利用冒泡算法對(duì)采集的數(shù)據(jù)排序。
3)數(shù)據(jù)處理均值環(huán)節(jié):去除N個(gè)最大值、最小值。對(duì)剩余的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行均值處理??刂瓶驁D如下:
3濾波系統(tǒng)功能詳細(xì)介紹
考慮到數(shù)據(jù)采樣的連續(xù)性以及在特定的時(shí)間段內(nèi)要保留一定數(shù)量的連續(xù)的采樣數(shù)據(jù),在系統(tǒng)中定義一個(gè)FIFO數(shù)據(jù)鏈表,采樣數(shù)據(jù)按照時(shí)間順序依次進(jìn)入鏈表,當(dāng)鏈表數(shù)據(jù)個(gè)數(shù)N(可調(diào))一定時(shí),那么著N個(gè)采樣值就是一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的連續(xù)采樣值。在采樣過(guò)程中從頻率根據(jù)具體情況進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
采樣數(shù)據(jù)的最大值和最小值在采樣過(guò)程中有可能受到干擾,或者采集的數(shù)據(jù)與其它值有較大偏離,其采樣可靠度不如其他中間數(shù)據(jù)可靠,在運(yùn)算中將規(guī)定數(shù)量(可調(diào))的最值除去。采用冒泡算法對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)排序,然后分別除去兩端的一定個(gè)數(shù)(可調(diào))的最大值和最小值。最后剩余的數(shù)據(jù)均值處理。
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