A06B-6089-H102 為這些運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)實(shí)施復(fù)雜控制算法的關(guān)鍵是功能強(qiáng)大的數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器 (DSP) 的出現(xiàn)。 即使在要求不高但對(duì)成本敏感的應(yīng)用中,例如家用冰箱壓縮機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器,也可以利用 DSP 的強(qiáng)大功能來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)傳感器控制算法,從而降低系統(tǒng)成本并提高驅(qū)動(dòng)器的整體魯棒性。在高性能伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器中,DSP 強(qiáng)大的計(jì)算能力允許通過(guò)矢量控制、紋波轉(zhuǎn)矩降低、預(yù)測(cè)控制結(jié)構(gòu)和對(duì)非理想系統(tǒng)行為的補(bǔ)償實(shí)現(xiàn)更精確的控制。
除了強(qiáng)大的DSP內(nèi)核外,所有電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)都需要大量附加電路才能正確運(yùn)行,包括以下功能:
電流或電壓反饋的模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換
脈寬調(diào)制 (PWM) 模塊,用于生成逆變器開(kāi)關(guān)命令
通用數(shù)字輸入/輸出端口。
ADI公司現(xiàn)在提供一系列基于DSP的單芯片電機(jī)控制解決方案,將這些外設(shè)功能與高性能DSP內(nèi)核和所需存儲(chǔ)器集成在一起。本文介紹兩種器件:ADMC330?,專(zhuān)為滿足中低性能動(dòng)態(tài)要求而設(shè)計(jì),ADMC300?擴(kuò)展了單芯片功能以控制高性能伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器。
ADMC330 基于 DSP 的單芯片電機(jī)控制器(見(jiàn)圖 1):ADMC330 在單個(gè)芯片上集成了 20 MIPS DSP 內(nèi)核、2K 字程序存儲(chǔ)器 RAM、2K 字程序存儲(chǔ)器 ROM、1K字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器 RAM、2 個(gè)串行端口和各種電機(jī)控制外設(shè)。DSP內(nèi)核類(lèi)似于16位定點(diǎn)ADSP-2171中使用的內(nèi)核。電機(jī)控制外設(shè)包括 7 個(gè)模擬輸入和一個(gè)基于比較器的 ADC 子系統(tǒng),每個(gè) PWM 周期允許 4 次轉(zhuǎn)換。此外,先進(jìn)的 3 相 12 位 PWM 系統(tǒng)能夠以最小的處理器開(kāi)銷(xiāo)生成所有必要的逆變器開(kāi)關(guān)信號(hào),定時(shí)在 100 ns 以內(nèi)。這些PWM信號(hào)的死區(qū)時(shí)間可以在處理器中調(diào)整,因此不需要外部邏輯。PWM 單元包括用于無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)或電子換向電機(jī)的特殊模式,其中三個(gè)電機(jī)相位中只有兩個(gè)同時(shí)導(dǎo)通。此外,ADMC330還包括8條數(shù)字I/O線、一個(gè)看門(mén)狗定時(shí)器、一個(gè)通用16位定時(shí)器和兩個(gè)輔助PWM輸出。
A06B-6089-H102
A06B-6089-H102
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