涓€銆佷綍璎傞浕姗�(j墨)杌告壙璺戝湀锛�
杌告壙璺戝湀鐨勬剰鎬濇槸婊惧嫊杌告壙鑸囧叾閰嶅悎鐨勮桓鎴栧瓟鐧�(f膩)鐢熶簡鐩稿皪婊戝嫊锛堢浉灏嶄綅绉伙級銆傝窇鍦堝墠鍏嗭細鐩�(ji膩n)娓埌杌告壙閮ㄤ綅婧害楂�銆佹尟鍕曞ぇ骞朵即闅ㄧ暟闊�銆傚毚(y谩n)閲嶈窇鍦堢従(xi脿n)璞¤鍦�1鍜屽湒2绀猴細鎷嗛枊妾㈡煡锛屽湪杌搞€佽桓鎵垮骇鍏�(n猫i)鍦堣〃闈㈡湁婊戠棔锛岀敋鑷宠桓鎴栧瓟琛ㄩ潰纾ㄥ嚭鍑规Ы锛屽緸涓婅堪鐝�(xi脿n)璞″彲鏂峰畾杌告壙宸插毚(y谩n)閲嶈窇鍦堜簡銆�
浜�銆佽桓鎵胯窇鍦堢殑鍗卞
锛�1锛夊皪瑷�(sh猫)鍌欓€犳垚鐨勮矤(f霉)闈㈠奖闊块潪甯稿ぇ锛屽畠鍔犲妵閰嶅悎閮ㄤ欢鐨勭（鎼�锛屽毚(y谩n)閲嶇殑鐢氳嚦鍫�(b脿o)璨�(f猫i)锛屾悕澹炰簡瑷�(sh猫)鍌�锛岄檷浣庝簡姗�(j墨)鍣ㄧ簿搴︼紱
锛�2锛夌敱浜庡澶т簡纾ㄦ摝鍔�锛屾妸澶ч噺鑳介噺杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栨垚浜嗙劇鐢ㄧ殑鐔辫兘鍜屽櫔鑱�锛岄檷浣庝簡閬�(y霉n)琛屾晥鐜囥€傚鏋滃嚭鐝�(xi脿n)閫欑ó鎯呮硜锛屾噳(y墨ng)鏍规摎(j霉)瀵�(sh铆)闅涙儏娉�锛岀洝蹇仠姝㈤亱(y霉n)琛�锛屽畨鎺掓淇€�
涓�銆佽桓鎵胯窇鍦堢殑鍘熷洜
婊惧嫊杌告壙鑸囪桓锛堝瓟锛夌殑閰嶅悎锛屽皪杌�銆佸瓟銆佽桓鎵跨殑鍔犲伐绮惧害銆侀厤鍚堝叕宸€佸畨瑁濊閰嶇簿搴�銆佹潗璩�(zh矛)浠ュ強浣跨敤缍(h霉)鏂归潰瑕佹眰闈炲父鍤�(y谩n)鏍硷紝鍝竴鏂归潰涓嶅ソ閮芥湁鍙兘浣胯桓鎵胯窇鍦�銆�
1銆侀厤鍚堝叕宸伕鐢ㄤ笉鍚堥仼锛�
濡傛灉杌告壙鑸囪桓銆佸瓟鐨勯厤鍚堝叕宸亸澶э紙闁撻殭閰嶅悎锛夛紝鐩镐簰鎿犲鍔涜畩灏�锛岃桓锛堣桓鎵匡級鏈冨湪鎵姏浣滅敤涓嬶紝鐮村鐩镐簰闁撶殑闈滄锛岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熸粦鍕曪紝鐧�(f膩)鐢熶簡鎴戝€戠ū涔嬬偤鐨勨€滆窇鍦堢従(xi脿n)璞♀€�銆傝桓鎵垮収(n猫i)鍦堣垏杌哥櫦(f膩)鐢熸粦鍕曠殑绋辫窇鍏�(n猫i)鍦�锛岃桓鎵垮鍦堣垏杌告壙搴у瓟鐧�(f膩)鐢熸粦鍕曠殑绋辫窇澶栧湀銆�
2銆佸姞宸ョ簿搴�銆佸畨瑁濈簿搴︿笉婊胯冻瑕佹眰锛�
鏄寚杌搞€佽桓鎵�銆佽桓鎵垮骇瀛旂殑鍔犲伐鍏樊銆佽〃闈㈢矖绯欏害銆佸畨瑁濊閰嶇殑绮惧害绛夋妧琛�(sh霉)鍙冩暩(sh霉)銆傞€欎簺涔熼兘鏈夎妤�(y猫)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)锛屼竴鏃﹂仈(d谩)涓嶅埌妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)瑕佹眰锛屾渻褰遍熆鍒伴厤鍚堝叕宸紝鍦ㄨ桓鎵跨殑鎷嗚閬庣▼涓渻鎶婃瘺鍒烘媺鎺�锛岄€犳垚杌歌畩绱�(x矛)锛屽瓟璁婂ぇ锛岄厤鍚堥枔闅欒畩澶�锛屽悎鐞嗗叕宸厤鍚堟儏娉佽鐮村銆�
3銆佽綁(zhu菐n)杌哥殑鍚岃桓搴﹂仈(d谩)涓嶅埌瑕佹眰锛�
鏈冧娇杌告壙鎸嫊澶у苟浼撮毃鐣伴熆銆侀€犳垚杌稿綆鏇�銆佽級鑽疯畩澶�銆侀€犳垚杌告壙澶辨晥銆佸鍔犳洿鎻涜桓鎵跨殑娆℃暩(sh霉)锛屽奖闊夸簡杌告壙鑸囪桓锛堟垨瀛旓級鐨勯厤鍚堝叕宸�锛屾墍鏈夌殑涓€鍒囦笉姝ｅ父閮藉彲鑳介€犳垚杌告壙璺戝湀鍜岃桓鎵垮け鏁堛€�
4銆佽綁(zhu菐n)杌稿拰杌告壙鐨勬潗璩�(zh矛)閬哥敤涓嶆伆鐣�(d膩ng)锛�
涓嶅悓绋鐨勮桓鎵胯鐢ㄧ浉閬╂噳(y墨ng)鐨勮桓鎵块嫾鍒堕€�锛岃桓鐨勫挤(qi谩ng)搴︺€佸墰搴﹁澶�锛岃鑳介仼鎳�(y墨ng)杌告壙鐨勯亱(y霉n)琛岋紝鑰愮（鎬ц濂�锛岃桓鎵跨殑鎽╁療绯绘暩(sh霉)瑕佸皬锛岄€欐ǎ鎵嶈兘淇濊瓑杌告壙鐨勬甯镐娇鐢�锛屾笡灏戣窇鍦堢殑鍙兘鎬с€�
5銆佹棩甯哥董璀�(h霉)淇濋(y菐ng)涓嶅埌浣�:
鍥�銆佽桓鎵胯窇鍦堥爯(y霉)闃插強铏曠悊鎺柦
1銆佽桓鎵胯窇鍦堥爯(y霉)闃�
(1)灏嶄簬涓€鑸伐妤�(y猫)閬�(y霉n)琛岀殑闆绘(j墨)锛岃桓鎵块厤鍚堣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙弮鐓у凡鏈夌殑鎴愮啛妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍚堢悊閬哥敤杌告壙閰嶅悎鍜岃桓鎵挎父闅�锛屽毚(y谩n)鏍兼帶鍒惰綁(zhu菐n)杌稿埗閫犻亷绋嬭桓鐨勫姞宸ョ簿搴﹀拰褰綅鍏樊锛屾彁楂樿閰嶉儴浠剁殑閰嶅悎绮惧害銆傛笡灏戝紩璧蜂娇杌歌畩灏忓拰浣胯桓瀛旇畩澶х殑浠讳綍涓嶆甯哥殑鎿嶄綔瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆�
(2)灏嶄簬鐢ㄤ簬棰�(f膿ng)鍔涚櫦(f膩)闆昏妤�(y猫)鐨勯浕姗�(j墨)锛岃桓鎵块厤鍚堣ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)娌掓湁鎴愮啛鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍙弮鐓э紝涓€瀹氳鏍规摎(j霉)棰�(f膿ng)鍔涙(j墨)鐨勭壒鎬�锛屽偝鍕曠殑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岄牷绻佽捣鍋滆畩渚嗗彲闈犻伕鎿囪桓鎵块厤鍚堛€傚緸浠ヤ笅骞惧€嬫柟闈細
a.鏍规摎(j霉)绐佽畩杓夎嵎閬告搰杞�(zhu菐n)杌哥殑閰嶅悎閬庣泩閲�锛岀洝閲忓ぇ锛堝伐钘濊兘閬�(d谩)鍒扮殑瑷卞彲鑼冨湇鍏�(n猫i)锛夛紱
b.鐩￠噺鍔犲ぇ杞�(zhu菐n)杌哥殑纭害锛屼笉鑷充簬鑸囪桓鎵垮湀鐨勭‖搴︾浉宸お澶氾紱
c.鍦ㄦ垚鏈殑鍏佽ū鑼冨湇鍏�(n猫i)锛屽澶ц桓鎵块亱(y霉n)琛岀殑鍙潬鎬э紝鐩￠噺鐢ㄨ綁(zhu菐n)鍕曟叄閲忓ぇ鐨勮桓鎵�锛�
d.鐐洪檷浣庤桓鎵挎韩鍗�锛屽寮�(qi谩ng)杌告壙娼ゆ粦锛屽疁閬哥敤杓冨ぇ娓搁殭鐨勬痪鍕曡桓鎵裤€�
e.鐐洪槻姝㈣桓鎵胯闆昏潟锛岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熻桓闆绘祦锛屼娇杌告壙婧崌澧炲姞锛岄渶閲囧彇鍙潬婵炬尝鍜屾帴鍦版帾鏂借ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆�
2銆佸姞寮�(qi谩ng)瑁濋厤鍒堕€犻亷绋嬩腑鐨勮唱(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒�
锛�2锛夋鍕曡桓鎵块帠绶婂,鍦ㄨ桓鎵跨闈竴瀹氳鏈夐爯(y霉)绶婃懇鎿﹀姏銆�
锛�3锛夊姞宸ヨ桓銆佸瓟鏅備竴瀹氫繚璀夊姞宸ョ簿搴�锛岀矖绯欏害锛�Ra鈮�0.8渭m,鍚岃桓搴︼細鈼庘墹0.05渭m銆�
锛�4锛夎桓銆佸瓟鍔犲伐閬告潗鍙婄啽铏曠悊锛屼竴瀹氳鏍规摎(j霉)杌告壙鍜岃桓鐨勯亱(y霉n)琛岀挵(hu谩n)澧冨拰杓夎嵎鎯呮硜锛屼繚璀夎冻澶犵殑寮�(qi谩ng)搴﹀拰鍓涘害銆�
锛�5锛夊姞寮�(qi谩ng)杌告壙鐨勬棩甯哥董璀�(h霉)淇濋(y菐ng)锛岀櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鏈変笉姝ｅ父鎯呮硜锛屼竴瀹氫笉瑕佸付鐥呭爡(ji膩n)鎸�锛岃閫�(j矛n)琛屾鏌ヨ檿鐞嗐€�
鍏╃礆涔嬮枔鐨勯浕鍕曞嫝E鍙敱鑳芥柉鐗瑰叕寮忔眰寰楋細寮忎腑锛欵婵冨樊闆绘睜杓稿嚭锛宮V;R鐞嗘兂姘ｉ珨甯告暩(sh霉)锛�8.314WS/mol;T--婧害锛孠;n闆诲瓙杞�(zhu菐n)绉绘暩(sh霉)锛屽湪姝ょ偤4;F--娉曟媺绗父鏁�(sh霉)锛�965C;P鍙冩瘮姘ｉ珨姘ф績搴︾櫨鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉);P1寰呮脯姘ｉ珨姘ф績搴︾櫨鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)銆傚畠鏄哀鍖栭嫰娓哀鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)锛岀暥(d膩ng)姘у寲閶铏曠殑婧害琚姞鐔卞埌614oC鏅�锛岄珮婵冨害鍋�(c猫)姘ｉ珨鐢ㄥ凡鐭ユ哀婵冨害鐨勬埃楂斾綔鐐哄弮姣旀埃锛屽鐢ㄧ┖姘�锛屽墖P=2.6%銆傚皣姝ゅ€煎強鍏紡涓殑甯告暩(sh霉)闋�(xi脿ng)鍚堝苟锛屽姞涔嬪(sh铆)闅涙哀鍖栭嫰闆绘睜瀛樺湪婧樊闆诲嫝銆佹帴瑙搁浕鍕�銆佸弮姣旈浕鍕�銆佹サ鍖栭浕鍕�锛屽緸鑰岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熸湰鍦伴浕鍕(mV)銆�
