IC660BBD023
IC660BBD023
IC660BBD023
IC660BBD023
從前面的分析中可以得知，在進(jìn)行起動過程控制時，主要是對柴油機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的檢測、機(jī)油管路內(nèi)油壓的檢測、油水溫度的檢測。采用PCC 進(jìn)行快速運算及判斷，確定點火轉(zhuǎn)速，對起動接觸器、調(diào)速器內(nèi)DLS線圈等進(jìn)行實時控制。
3.1 控制電路
圖1為采用PCC 進(jìn)行柴油機(jī)起動控制的接線簡圖。與目前的控制方法相比， 減少了時間繼電器（1SJ），由PCC 內(nèi)部的軟繼電器來實現(xiàn)，增加了轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器、溫度傳感器和壓力傳感器。該電路實現(xiàn)了起延時控制，蓄電池供電控制、供油齒條控制以及油壓保護(hù)電路與起動電路的分離。
圖l 柴油機(jī)起動PCC 控制接線簡
3.2 起動流程圖
圖2 啟動流程圖
3.3 點火轉(zhuǎn)速的確定
柴油機(jī)起動過程是否點火，可以采用轉(zhuǎn)矩隨轉(zhuǎn)速的變化而定，東風(fēng)4型機(jī)車阻力特性實驗實側(cè)的運動阻力轉(zhuǎn)矩、電機(jī)驅(qū)動轉(zhuǎn)矩、加速轉(zhuǎn)矩與電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的關(guān)系如圖3 所示。
由柴油機(jī)起動系統(tǒng)的運動方程：
圖3 空點火前后啟動轉(zhuǎn)矩、阻力轉(zhuǎn)矩、加速轉(zhuǎn)矩的變化曲線
式中：Ms：起動電機(jī)的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩，Nm；
Me：歸算到起動電機(jī)的柴油機(jī)阻力轉(zhuǎn)矩，Nm；
GD2 ：歸算到起動電機(jī)的柴油機(jī)阻力轉(zhuǎn)矩，kg㎡。
當(dāng)柴油機(jī)拖動轉(zhuǎn)加速后，dMa / dn ，將由負(fù)值向正值逐步變化。當(dāng)dMa / dn＝O 其轉(zhuǎn)速即為點火轉(zhuǎn)速。
經(jīng)實際測試計算，東鳳4系列機(jī)車柴油機(jī)起動時點火轉(zhuǎn)速不會超過15Or / min 。由此可選定15Or/min 為其點火轉(zhuǎn)速。
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