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為擴(kuò)展工業(yè)操控領(lǐng)域的中心功用并豐厚其接口操作，本文提出一種根據(jù)AT91RlM9200微操控器的智能化多總線測(cè)控模塊的規(guī)劃辦法以及體系的構(gòu)建架構(gòu)，并給出顯現(xiàn)接口的軟、硬件處理計(jì)劃。該模塊使用嵌入式體系處理了顯現(xiàn)接口完成困難的問題，具有較好的實(shí)踐使用前景。
導(dǎo)言
MultiBus―CPU模塊是根據(jù)AT91RM9200微操控器的智能化多總線測(cè)控模塊。該CPU模塊首要完成對(duì)下位機(jī)的操控，并建立根據(jù)Modbus―RTU總線協(xié)議的總線通訊體系結(jié)構(gòu)，讓體系設(shè)備能夠無縫接入根據(jù)Modbus―RTU形式的總線體系，牢靠、實(shí)時(shí)、精確地完成工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)收集、信號(hào)輸出等功用；一起，供給規(guī)范視頻接口用于顯現(xiàn)16位色圖像，供給規(guī)范音頻輸入輸出接口用于完成錄放音功用。該模塊作為嵌入式開發(fā)環(huán)境的中心，可完成人機(jī)界面的交互操作和顯現(xiàn)、海量數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)、多串口、多USB口、音頻信號(hào)輸入輸出、以太網(wǎng)口等接口；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)Linux操作體系，能夠快速建立面向使用的嵌入式使用體系。
1 MultiBus―CPU模塊軟件規(guī)劃計(jì)劃
為了滿意實(shí)踐使用對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)性的要求，MultiBus―CPU模塊軟件選用了Linux2．6．21操作體系。其間，Linux2．6的內(nèi)核使命能夠被搶占，這一特性使得Linux2．6內(nèi)核適用于實(shí)時(shí)體系和嵌入式體系中。驅(qū)動(dòng)程序在Linux環(huán)境下進(jìn)行開發(fā)，使用層選用規(guī)范的通訊協(xié)議――Modbus協(xié)議，操控設(shè)備能夠連成工業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行會(huì)集監(jiān)控。經(jīng)過共同的Modbus接口，MultiBus―CPU模塊與擴(kuò)展下位機(jī)均可作為對(duì)等設(shè)備在工業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中進(jìn)行對(duì)話，使得各個(gè)設(shè)備無縫接入到工業(yè)操控網(wǎng)絡(luò)中。MultiBus―CPU模塊支撐現(xiàn)階段工業(yè)測(cè)控體系中最常用的以太網(wǎng)(UDP)通訊及RS485通訊協(xié)議。因而，本模塊在與其他功用模塊進(jìn)行通訊時(shí)，選用Modbus―RTU數(shù)據(jù)通訊方法，使用以太網(wǎng)(UDP)／RS485總線進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)送與接納，完成對(duì)各功用模塊的會(huì)集監(jiān)控。軟件總體結(jié)構(gòu)如圖l所示。
2 MulitiBus―CPU模塊硬件規(guī)劃計(jì)劃
硬件規(guī)劃原理圖如圖2所示。MultiBus―CPU模塊選用Atmel公司的AT91RM9200為主處理器，交融了ARM920T ARM Thumb處理器。其作業(yè)于180 MHz時(shí)功用高達(dá)200 MIPS；具有存儲(chǔ)器管理單元，能夠運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)Linux等實(shí)時(shí)操作體系；具有10／100 Base―T型以太網(wǎng)卡接口，只需外擴(kuò)一個(gè)PHY即可完成以太網(wǎng)通訊；具有USB 2．O全速(12 Mb／s)主機(jī)雙端口，能夠擴(kuò)展鍵盤、鼠標(biāo)、U盤等規(guī)范外設(shè)。
主處理器AT91RM9200具有5個(gè)串口：1個(gè)DEBUG串口，規(guī)劃為RS232接口，能夠直接銜接PC的串口進(jìn)行調(diào)試；1個(gè)RS485接口，能夠與其他功用模塊的RS485接口組成網(wǎng)絡(luò)；其他3個(gè)串口均規(guī)劃為RS232接口。
經(jīng)過CPU模塊的外部總線和Epson公司的S1D13506顯現(xiàn)芯片擴(kuò)展了一個(gè)VGA接口，分辨率為640×480，256色。IS41LVl6100為其供給獨(dú)立顯存，容量為1M×16位，支撐EDO PAGE形式。
GL850A芯片是一個(gè)低功耗的USB 2．0 HUB操控器，AT91RM9200自身的USB HOST接口經(jīng)過GL850A芯片擴(kuò)展為4個(gè)USB HOST接口。
DS3231是精度十分高的I2C集成實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘。其精度在0～40℃內(nèi)高達(dá)±2 ppm，在-40～85℃內(nèi)精度可達(dá)±3．5ppm；板載電池，掉電后能夠堅(jiān)持時(shí)刻；可為體系供給秒、分、小時(shí)、日、日期、月、年等信息，具有主動(dòng)閏年調(diào)整功用。
WM8731是一個(gè)低功耗網(wǎng)絡(luò)音頻編解碼器(CO-DEC)，具有輸出功率放大器和可編程采樣速率設(shè)定功用。WM8731芯片經(jīng)過I2S接口與CPU銜接，為CPU模塊擴(kuò)展了音頻信號(hào)的輸入輸出接口，使體系具有音頻采樣功用，音頻信號(hào)數(shù)字化后能夠經(jīng)過以太網(wǎng)傳送。
DM9161為10／100M快速以太網(wǎng)物理層單芯片收發(fā)器，H1102為網(wǎng)絡(luò)阻隔變壓器，用于完成10／100M自適應(yīng)的牢靠網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸功用。
MultiBus―CPU模塊經(jīng)過添加顯現(xiàn)操控芯片及其驅(qū)動(dòng)完成了顯現(xiàn)接口，體系運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)信息能夠直接經(jīng)過VGA顯現(xiàn)器顯現(xiàn)出來，大大提高了人機(jī)交互的可操作性。
3 顯現(xiàn)模塊硬件規(guī)劃計(jì)劃
3．1 接口芯片挑選
接口芯片選用Epson公司出產(chǎn)的大規(guī)模顯現(xiàn)操控器S1D13506。它是以SEDl354操控器為根底發(fā)展起來的具有更多功用的LCD顯現(xiàn)操控器，支撐全類型、大規(guī)模的LCD及CRT／TV顯現(xiàn)器。S1D13506內(nèi)置RAMDAC(Random Access Memory Digital-to-Analog Converter，隨機(jī)數(shù)模變換記憶體)硬件X-Y軸轉(zhuǎn)置二維加速器，共有114個(gè)寄存器，能夠靈敏地設(shè)置各種不同的顯現(xiàn)方法。
3．2 接口硬件規(guī)劃
S1D13506與處理器的接口選用通用類型總線(包含數(shù)據(jù)總線、地址總線、操控總線)。接口界說如表1所列。芯片所用像素時(shí)鐘CLKl、CLK2是由同步信號(hào)發(fā)生器ICSl523來供給的，外接1M×16位的EDO-DRAM IS41LVl6100。
Chiron Vertical Machining Center, Model FZ12W Magnum, 1\
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Indramat AC Spindle Drive, # RAC 2.2-150-460-A00\uc0\u8203 -W1, RA\
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Indramat AC Induction Spindle Drive Motor 2AD132D-B350B\
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Fanuc Power Supply Controller, # A02B-0058-B501,\
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Cincinnati Acramatic Circuit Board, 3 531 4200A, WARRAN\
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Rambaudi HD Milling Head, # 50 Taper w/ PDB, 20 HP Appr\
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Square D QED Switchboard/Swi\uc0\u8203 tch Gear 1200 Max Amp #2039\
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Setco 3500 RPM Milling Spindle w/ Fanuc Built In Drive \
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Fanuc AC Spindle Drive Unit, # A06B-6055-H106, WARRANTY\
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REMAN GE Fanuc IOS Board, # 531X210DMCAMMA, Remanufactu\
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Balance Engineering Computerized Balance Instrument, # \
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Indramat AC Spindle Drive Motor, # 2AD 132C-B35RB1-AD0\uc0\u8203 1\
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Marposs E5 System Controller, # 8077127004 4FB8833, WAR\
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FANUC AC #12S SPINDLE MOTOR A06B-0756-B100 #3100, W\
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Terex Aerial platb Lift, 1,000 Lb. Cap., Mod # TS26\
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Schneider Automation / Modicon PanelMate Plus, # MM-PMC\
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Cincinnati Test Systems Sentinel Pressure Decay Instrum\
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TSUDAKOMA 12" ROTARY TABLE INDEXER RNCB-301R,\
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Yaskawa Mother Board, JANCD-CP07C, Revision C, DE840494\
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K & T / Gemini D Control Module Power Supply, # 1-21977\
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Yaskawa Mother Board, # JANCD-MB21-2, Rev C, DF8101521-\
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Motorola Rack Card, MVME162-020A, MVME-162-020A,, \
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Yaskawa Varispeed 626VM3C - Model# CIMR-VMC25P5 - 2\
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FANUC AC SPINDLE MOTOR A06B-1012-B100 REPAIRED BY FANUC\
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Square D Current-limitin\uc0\u8203 g Circuit Breaker, # KIL-36\
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REMAN Siemens Spindle Drive, # 1PH6161-4NF00-Z\uc0\u8203 , WARRANT\
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NUM Servomac AC Spidle Motor, IM132M4Y4810C, 350 V, 38-\
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Siemens Processor Digital Board, # R15C02D186, WARRANTY\
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Fanuc AC Spindle Drive Unit, # A06B-6059-H002, A16B-110\
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Yaskawa CIMR-MTII-7.5K Transistor Inverter/Spindl\uc0\u8203 e Driv\
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Fanuc Power Unit, # A14B-0067-B002, W/ Board A20B-1000-\
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Fanuc 16-T Controller CPU Main Board, A16B-3200-0170/\uc0\u8203 02\
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Cincinnati Milacron Acramatic 850 Color CRT, 3-424-1974\
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Fanuc Model 30 AC Spindle Motor, # A06B-1030-B200, WARR\
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FANUC AC #8S SPINDLE MOTOR A06B-0755-B921 #3100, Wa\
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Fanuc AC Servo Motor, 22/2000 # A06B-0147-B176 * \
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Allen Bradley AC Drive w/Enclosure, # 1336-B020-EDE, WA\
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Bridgeport CNC BTC-1 Vertical Milling Machine Base, Per\
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Allen Bradley AC Servo Motor, # 1326AB-B740E-21\uc0\u8203 -L,\
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FANUC AC SPINDLE MOTOR A06B-1008-B602, A06B-1008-B602#\uc0\u8203 8\
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Siemens L2/DP Profibus Board, # 1P 6FC5012-0CA03-0\uc0\u8203 AA0, \
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Yaskawa USASEM-10HS23 AC Servo Motor,, W\
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Yaskawa USASEM-10HS13 AC Servo Motor,, W\
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REM GE I/O Processor Assembly PC Board, # DS3815PIOA1C1\
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Indramat AC Servo Motor, # 2G-1115-1R-B3-3\uc0\u8203 303 H2, WARRA\
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REM GE Fanuc PC Board, # DS3800NGRC1D1D, WARRANTY\
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Indramat AC Servo Controller, # DKC11-3-040-7-F\uc0\u8203 W, WARRA\
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Schneider Automation Communication Module, # TSX-SCM211\
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Xycom Control / Monitor, # PM8450, PM101241, 115/230V, \
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Nematron Industrial Work Station, ICC-6L6-HS1,, WA\
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Indramat AC Servo Controller, # KDS 1.1-050-300-W1-\uc0\u8203 115,\
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Indramat Digital AC Servo Controller, # DDC01.1-K100A-D\uc0\u8203 \
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Tecumseh Chiller w/ Russell Cooler Unit, # AHA4524EXDXM\
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Indramat Digital AC Servo Drive Controller, # DDC01.2-N\
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Yaskawa Servopack CPCR-QR,, WARRANTY\
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Nordac 700E AC Drive, # SK 700E-221-340-A, SK TU1-PAR, \
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Horiba Flame Ionization Analyzer, # FIA-23A, WARRANTY\
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Allen Bradley Systems Module, 8520-1S5A-BAT-E\uc0\u8203 X4-T1-Y-4-\
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Rexroth Indramat Servo Motor, # MHD112B-048-PPO\uc0\u8203 -BN, 284\
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Yaskawa AC Spindle Motor, 15/11 KW UAASKA-15LYA110\uc0\u8203 E\
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Yaskawa AC Spindle Drive Motor, # UAASKB-08CHSBE, *\
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Rambaudi HD Milling Head, #50 Taper w/ PDB, NO DRIVE MO\
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Indramat Power Supply, # TVM 2.1-50-220/300-\uc0\u8203 W1-115/220,\
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Allen Bradley Processor / Controller Module, 6008-LTV, \
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Indramat AC Servo Controller, CLM 01.3-X-0-4-0,, W\
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Fanuc AC Servo Motor, Model 20F/2000, # A06B-0356-B755,\uc0\u8203 \
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Barber Colman Cartridge Module, # 80BE-00036-101-\uc0\u8203 V-00, \
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Xycom Touch Screen Control / Monitor, # 9465 KPM, W\
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GE Fanuc MDI CRT 14" Monitor, A02B-0120-C071, XA02B-012\
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Fanuc Servo Amplifier Unit, # A06B-6090-H223, WARRANTY\
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GE Fanuc 14" CRT/MDI Unit, A02B-0120-C071/\uc0\u8203 TA, 16-T Con\
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Fanuc #20S AC Servo Motor, # A06B-0502-B074#\uc0\u8203 0008, *\
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NSK Servo Drive Unit, # EE0608A05-25, * WARRANTY\
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Boyer-Schultz Challenger HR612 Grinder, Mag. Chuck, Pow\
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GE Fanuc AC Servo Motor, A06B-0373-B675, w/ Pulsecoder \
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Fanuc Pertronics 5 KVA Transber, # A80L-0001-0275-\uc0\u8203 03\
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Mitsubishi AC Spindle Drive Motor, # SJ-11-A,, War\
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Allen Bradley 5KW Axis AC Servo Controller, 1394-SJT05-\
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Schneider Automation / Modicon PanelMate Plus, # MM-PM2\
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Rambaudi Milling Head, # 40 taper, 3500 RPM, Nice,\
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Fanuc AC Servo Motor, Model 20F/2000, # A06B-0356-B756\
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Reliance 30 HP DC Spindle Motor. B2511ATZ, Type# TR, Us\
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Sugino Selfeeder DRILL, # S26011, .75 KW, HP. 240/480 V\
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Cincinnati Milacron Simodrive Servo Control 1-230-0800,\
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Fanuc AC Spindle Drive Unit, # A06B-6044-H007,, WA\
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Allen Bradley AC Servo Motor, # 1326AB-B720E-M2\uc0\u8203 LS, WARR\
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Inland Motors Industrial Servo Drive, HPA03-158100-61\uc0\u8203 1-\
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APW/McLean Electronic Air Conditioner, # M28-0216-G013H\
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Schneider Automation Communication Module, # TSXSCM2116\
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Rambaudi HD Milling Head, #50 Taper w/ PDB, NO DRIVE MO\
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Yaskawa Type # GEER-K DC Spindle Motor, 11/15 KW,,\
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Mitsubishi AC 7.5HP Inverter, # FR-Z240-5.5K-UL\uc0\u8203 , WARRAN\
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Fanuc # 20S AC Servo Motor, # A06B-0502-B851, WARRANTY\
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Barber Colman Parison Control, # 80JA-10001-001-\uc0\u8203 0-00,WA\
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Allen Bradley 9 Series Operator Interface Panel, # 8520\
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Mazak / Mitsubishi PD14C-1 Power Supply,, WARRAN\
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GE Fanuc a3/3000 AC Servo Motor, # A06B-0123-B675, WARR\
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Indramat Digital AC Servo Controller, # DDC01.2-N050C-D\uc0\u8203 \
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Kearney & Trecker Siave AC Drive, # 0-135929, WARRAN\
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Ingersoll Rand Insight IC Controller, # PD2G1A1AAN, WAR\
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Schneider Automation / Modicon PanelMate Plus, # MM-PM4\
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Mitsubishi SDN-CFZ 18.5 KW Super Line DC Motor Frame 16\
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Indramat Module w/ Fiber Optic Connectors, # PLCB02-02,\
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Indramat AC Servo Drive Programming Controller DSC 1.7-\
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Cincinnati Milacron 1 FT5072-0AF01-0-\uc0\u8203 Z Permanent Magnet\
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Sauter CNC 8 Position Turret Drive, NO TURRET, 0.5.480.\
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Yaskawa AC Spindle Motor, # UAASE-5K, w/ Cover,, W\
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Indramat Control Amplifier, # TRM3-W23-W0/535\uc0\u8203 , WARRANTY\
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Schneider Automation Communication Module, TSXSCM2116, \
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Indramat KDS 1.3-050-.300-W1 AC Servo Controller,,\
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Allen Bradley 1336 Plus Sensorless AC Drive, # 1336S-B0\
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Fidia M2 Computer Control Board, CPU1, WARRANTY\
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Yaskawa AC Spindle Motor, # UAASE-5K,, WARRANTY\
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Sugino Selfeeder CNC Self-feeding Drill, Mod # MSX-IFBE\
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Toshiba / Tosnuc Transistor Servo ACTS40B, *\
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Toshiba / Tosnuc Transistor Servo Drive ACTS80B, \
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Toshiba / Tosnuc Transistor Servo Drive PS20B, US\
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S-P Mfg. 10\'94 Hydraulic 3-Jaw Chuck A8 Mount w/ Cylinder\
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Mazak VQC 2050B Machining Center Milling Headstock, CAT\
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Mazak VQC 2040B Machining Center Milling Headstock, CAT\
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Yaskawa AC Spindle Drive Motor, # UAASKA-15CA1, *\
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NUM Servomac AC Servo Motor, BMS 19023630L,, *\
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ESA NSK Servo Driver Unit, # ESA-J1003A23-21\uc0\u8203 , WARRANTY\
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ESA NSK Servo Driver Unit, # ESA-J1003A23-11\uc0\u8203 , WARRANTY\
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ESA NSK Servo Driver Unit, # ESA-J1003T23-21\uc0\u8203 , WARRANTY\
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ESA NSK Servo Driver Unit, # ESA-J1003A25-21\uc0\u8203 , WARRANTY\
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Barber Colman Heat/Cool Module, # 80GA-10103-001-\uc0\u8203 V-00, \
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Schneider Automation / Modicon PanelMate Plus, # MM-PM2\
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YASKAWA CPCR-MR052GYOB, Servopack Drive, Top Board, USE\
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Telemecanique Altistart 3 ATS23PC15N Soft Starter,\
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Nematron Industrial Work Station, ICC-6L6-HS2, WARRANTY\
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Indramat Digital AC Servo Drive Controller DSC 3.1-50-1\
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Indramat Digital AC Servo Drive Controller DSC 3.1-50-1\
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Indramat Digital AC Servo Drive Controller DSC 3.1-50-1\
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Indramat Digital AC Servo Drive Controller DSC 3.1-50-1\
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Reliance Electro-Craft Servo Drive Module, BRU-500, Mod\
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Square D Heavy Duty Safety Disconnect Switch, # HU6\
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Yaskawa CPU Board, JANCD-CPO3B, Rev B, DF8100713,,\
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YASKAWA Motherboard, JANCD-MM09, DF8100829, Rev. B, Use\
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SIC Dot Peen Marking Machine Controller, Mod# E8, Mfg'd\
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GE Fanuc AC Servo Motor, #A06B-0502-B755\uc0\u8203 , WARRANTY\
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GE Fanuc AC Servo Motor, # A06B-0501-B755, WARRANTY\
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Bosch Servo Drive Unit, # PE 100 / 0 608 830 093, WARRA\
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Getty's Permanent Magnet DC Servo Motor, # 16-0272-50 *\
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Allen Bradley AC Drive, 1336S-B010-AA-E\uc0\u8203 N-HA1-L6, Series\
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Yaskawa CNC Memory Card Board, # JANCD-MM0244, DF800001\
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IN BOX Servo Dynamins Brushed DC Motor #-MTS30U4-42\
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IN BOX Servo Dynamins Brushed DC Motor MTS30E4-25, \
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General Numeric / Fanuc AC Spindle Motor, # A06B-1006-B\
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Yaskawa Type # GEKR DC Spindle Motor, 11/15 KW,, W\
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Horiba Analyzer Control Module, # OPE-435, WARRANTY\
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Tecumseh Chiller w/ Russell Cooler Unit, # OC-200-R-MOD\
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Horiba Infrared Analyzer, # AIA-210LE, WARRANTY\
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Allen Bradley Industrial Computer, 6180-ABEBEBACBB\uc0\u8203 Z, US\
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GE Fanuc AC Servo Motor, # A06B-0357-B755, WARRANTY\
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Cincinnati Acramatic Circuit Board, 3-542-1015A, 354210\
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Gusher Submersible Pump # 94008/714-98567\uc0\u8203 -3-CDM w/ 25 H\
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PowerTec Brushless DC Servo Motor, # F18MC1F01001000\uc0\u8203 , W\
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PowerTec Brushless DC Servo Motor, # A18AMF110010000\uc0\u8203 0, \
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Boyer-Schultz Grinder, Runs Great, Electro.-Mag. Chuck,\
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Fanuc PCB Circuit Board A20B-0008-0471/\uc0\u8203 05C, A20B0008047\
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Xycom Display Control Unit Model# 9450, 115/230 VAC, P/\
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Cutler-Hammer Operator Interface Panel, 7585T-8-OPC EPR\
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Allen Bradley 1326 AC Servo Motor, # 1326AB-B520E-21\uc0\u8203 , W\
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Indramat CPU Controller Board, # CPUB02-01-FW, SIO 3-03\
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Industrial Drives Servo Drive Unit, BDS4-206J-204B3\uc0\u8203 , US\
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Burton AnySpeed Variable Frequency Inverter, # HVL10, W\
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Kearney & Trecker Interface Board, # 1-2069702, WARRAN\
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Indramat CPUB02-01, CPUB02, CPU Controller Board,,\
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Kamco PLS/DIE Controller Unit Mod# KPD-CONT-12 WARRANTY
